Dualisme dalam Sektor Manufaktur Indonesia: Sebuah Uji Hipotesis dengan Analisis Input-Output

Abstrak

According to standard literature on development economics, development processes may cause dualism. Dualism means that there are huge sectors (or regions) with modern technology as well as small sectors (or regions) with traditional technology. As far as development policies are concerned, the dualism is a disturbing problem. Because dualism reflects inequality and may cause socially ramified impacts. Alleviating tension of dualism implicitly should becomes a goal of policy makers. If we assume that the level of industrial (manufacturing) technology is measured in term of capital-labor ratio, the increases in capital-labor ratio in manufacturing represent an improvement in industrial technological capability. Thus, under the paradigm of dual-industrial growth, the problem Indonesia faces is whether or not the growth of capital-intensive industries exceeds those of labor-intensive ones. So, the central problem sent to this research is: Does dualism within manufacturing sectors exist? By employing the input-output analysis, this research finds Indonesian manufacturing sector can be considered dualistic in its size and export-import structure. There are significant disparity between capital-intensive industries and labor-intensive ones.